Would You Sell Your Ancestors? The ethical paradigms of Ayahuasca (Part II)

artwork by Daiara Tukano 

by Daiara Tukano and Maria Fernanda Gebara

Last June, we had the honor of speaking at “Law and Policy of Psychedelic Medicine,” the 2024 Annual Conference hosted by the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School. You can watch our panel here.

Part I of this post highlighted the ethical considerations surrounding the use of Indigenous medicines. Part II considers paths forward to true ethical engagement.

Part II: Towards ethical integration

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Would You Sell Your Ancestors? The ethical paradigms of Ayahuasca (Part I)

artwork by Daiara Tukano 

by Daiara Tukano and Maria Fernanda Gebara

Last June, we had the honor of speaking at “Law and Policy of Psychedelic Medicine,” the 2024 Annual Conference hosted by the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School. You can watch our panel here. Speakers from around the world discussed the legal and ethical aspects of psychedelic use.

In two posts, based on the Conference discussions, we aim first (Part I) to highlight the ethical considerations surrounding the use of Indigenous medicines and second (Part II), to consider paths forward to true ethical engagement.

Part I: Ethical Considerations

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Lula’s environmental foreign policy, the global far-right, and the climate agenda

by Danielle Hanna Rached and Denise Vitale

Donald Trump’s second term in office promises to bring turmoil to the global climate agenda. Against the scientific consensus that fossil fuel is leading the world to a climate breakdown, Trump has managed to impose his opportunistic views on the rest of the world. For the amount of $1 billion in campaign contributions, he initiated his vitriolic attacks against climate change (a “big hoax”), embraced the oil and gas industry (“liquid gold”), and vilified scientists and President Joe Biden’s clean energy legislation (“green new scam”). 

In such a scenario, our only hope lies in resistance that might be formed elsewhere. Since President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s election in 2022, Brazil has desperately tried to claim a leadership position on the issue. Brazil is home to 60% of the Amazon and host to COP30 next year, and Lula’s socio-environmental agenda has had a prominent position from day one. He appointed Marina Silva, a historical leader of the environmental movement, to head the Ministry of the Environment and created the Ministry of Indigenous Peoples to push forward the Indigenous agenda. 

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Doctors and patients sit and talk. At the table near the window in the hospital.

Does the Right to Health Enhance Patient Rights?

By Luciano Bottini Filho

Despite the value of a constitutionally enshrined right to health, such a guarantee, on its own, does not ensure patient rights or a nuanced understanding of patient-centered care.

This article will consider the case study of Brazil as an example. Despite Brazil’s recognition of the right to health, this constitutional protection does not set sufficient standards to guide judicial decision-making around patient care.

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Protest against Brazil's President Jair Bolsonaro.

Between Gross Negligence and Genocide: Brazil’s Failed Response to COVID-19

By Octávio Luiz Motta Ferraz

When my first piece in this series was published on May 12th, Brazil counted 11,000 deaths caused by COVID-19. A new health secretary had just been appointed to replace Dr. Luiz Henrique Mandetta, who was sacked for disagreeing with President Jair Bolsonaro’s views that the pandemic (which he infamously called a “little flu”) was a conspiracy of the media and that public health measures should be immediately lifted to avoid damage to the economy.

Fast forward to September 10th and the situation, predictably, has gotten significantly worse. Brazil now counts 128,539 deaths, the second highest number in absolute terms (after the U.S., where the death toll is 190,872), and the sixth in per capita terms, with just over 60 deaths per 100,000 population. When Brazil reached the 100,000 deaths mark in early August, the president thought it more appropriate to use his Twitter account to celebrate his football team’s win at the local tournament than to make any statement on the health crisis.

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Brazil.

COVID-19 in Brazil: Institutional Meltdown in the Middle of a Pandemic

By Octávio Luiz Motta Ferraz

There has been no doubt fierce disagreement across the world’s democracies on how to fight the pandemic, i.e.: on how to protect public health while respecting civil liberties; on how to minimize the damage to jobs and businesses; on how strictly to enforce public health measures. Yet nowhere has a democratic country witnessed such frontal and public quarrel within its own government as in Brazil.

Not even in the U.S. have things  gone that far in the delicate relationship between Trump and Dr. Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). No other country seems to have had as many challenges in the courts related to the response to the crisis, either.

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